Phase Locked Lop (PLL) Archives

How Automatic Gain Control (AGC) Works

Alfred North Whitehead said, "Civilization advances by extending the number of important operations which we can perform without thinking of

A Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) is an integral part of all modern communication systems. It is a technique to produce

Frequency Modulation (FM) is as old as the history of wireless communications itself. The past few decades saw the rise

This post is written on an advanced topic mainly for practitioners and researchers in the design of wireless systems. For

Costas loop is a carrier phase synchronization solution devised by John Costas at General Electric Company in 1956 [1]. It